Doodh mein FAT aur SNF kya hota hai?
Agar tum dairy cooperative chalate ho, collection centre pe kaam karte ho, ya seedha kisan se doodh khareedte ho — to do numbers sab kuch decide karte hain: FAT aur SNF. Yeh sahi hoon to har litre ka daam fair nikalta hai. Galat hoon — ya kisi aur ko calculate karne do — to har delivery pe quietly nuksaan hota rehta hai.
Chalte hain, seedha samajhte hain ki yeh dono kya hain aur rate kaise nikalta hai.
FAT doodh mein fat ka percentage hai. Jitna zyada FAT, utna gaadha-malaaider doodh aur utna bada rate. Bhains ke doodh mein usually 6–8% FAT hota hai; gaay ke doodh mein around 3.5–5%.
SNF matlab Solids-Not-Fat — doodh mein fat chhod ke jo bhi solid hota hai woh sab: proteins (casein aur whey), lactose (doodh ki cheeni), minerals aur vitamins. Simple words mein, SNF doodh ka nutrition hai. Gaay ke doodh mein normally 8.3–8.7% SNF hota hai, bhains mein 9–10%. Zyaadatar states mein FSSAI ka legal minimum gaay ke doodh ke liye 8.5% SNF aur bhains ke liye 9.0% hai. Zyada SNF matlab har litre mein zyada nutrition — aur collection centre pe bada rate.
FAT aur SNF dono milao to milta hai Total Solids (TS): TS = FAT + SNF. Jitne zyada TS, utni zyada value.
Kai suppliers ka FAT haath se nikaal rahe ho? DudhHisaab har supplier ka rate store karta hai aur us din ke FAT se automatically per-litre rate nikaal deta hai. Free Android app Google Play pe lo →
Doodh ka rate kaise nikalta hai?
India mein chaar tarike popular hain. Jo tumhari dairy ya cooperative actually use karti hai, wohi lagao.
Tarika 1 — FAT-Based Pricing (akele doodhwalon ke liye sabse common)
Sabse simple tarika — chhoti dairies aur kai cooperatives mein yahi chalta hai:
Rate per litre = FAT% x Rate per FAT unit
Example:
- Doodh FAT: 6.5%
- Rate per FAT unit (cooperative ne fix kiya): ₹8.50
- Rate per litre = 6.5 × 8.50 = ₹55.25
Rate per FAT unit market ke saath badalta hai, dairy ya cooperative decide karti hai. 2026 mein typical rates:
- Bhains ka doodh: ₹7.50–9.00 per FAT unit
- Gaay ka doodh: ₹8.00–10.00 per FAT unit (fat kam hone ki wajah se per unit zyada)
Tarika 2 — Two-Axis Pricing (FAT + SNF dono)
Badi cooperatives — Amul, Karnataka Milk Federation wagera — yahi use karti hain:
Rate = (FAT% x FAT rate) + (SNF% x SNF rate)
Example:
- Doodh FAT: 4.0%, SNF: 8.5%
- FAT rate: ₹7.00 per unit, SNF rate: ₹3.50 per unit
- Rate = (4.0 × 7.00) + (8.5 × 3.50) = 28.00 + 29.75 = ₹57.75 per litre
Yeh sabse fair tarika hai — fat aur nutrition quality dono ka daam milta hai. Jis kisan ki gaay ka FAT kam hai par SNF zyada, usse bhi accha rate milta hai. Apna FAT aur SNF hamare free milk rate calculator mein daalo aur per-litre rate turant dekho.
Tarika 3 — TS-Based Pricing (Total Solids)
Rate = Total Solids% x Rate per TS unit, jahan Total Solids = FAT + SNF.
Example:
- FAT: 6.0%, SNF: 9.0%, TS: 15.0%
- Rate per TS unit: ₹4.00
- Rate = 15.0 × 4.00 = ₹60.00 per litre
Tarika 4 — Fixed Rate (chhote doodhwalon mein sabse common)
Kai doodhwale bas ek flat rate pe agree kar lete hain:
- Gaay ka doodh: ₹55–70/litre, city ke hisaab se
- Bhains ka doodh: ₹70–90/litre
Isme FAT/SNF testing nahi hoti — rate trust pe, local market pe aur aapsi agreement pe chalta hai. Dono animals mein se kaunsa pehle lo? Cow vs buffalo milk business profit mein compare karo.
FAT aur SNF kaise test karein
FAT test kaise karte hain
- Gerber method — collection centres ka standard. Gerber centrifuge (₹3,000–8,000), butyrometer aur sulphuric acid chahiye.
- Electronic milk analyser — Lactoscan ya Milkotester jaisi machines FAT, SNF aur baaki sab turant bata deti hain. Basic unit ₹15,000–50,000.
SNF kaise nikalte hain
FAT% aur lactometer reading se SNF nikal sakte ho:
SNF% = (Lactometer Reading / 4) + (0.21 x FAT%) + 0.36
Yeh Richmond formula ka woh version hai jo Indian dairies mein chalta hai. Chahiye:
- Lactometer (₹200–500) — doodh ki density measure karne ke liye
- Upar wale test se FAT%
Example:
- Lactometer reading: 30 (27 degree C pe, corrected)
- FAT%: 5.0
- SNF = (30 / 4) + (0.21 × 5.0) + 0.36 = 7.5 + 1.05 + 0.36 = 8.91%
Temperature correction
Lactometer readings ko temperature ke hisaab se correct karna zaroori hai. Standard hai 27 degree C (kuch states 20 degree C use karte hain):
- Standard se har 1 degree C upar: reading mein 0.2 jodo
- Standard se har 1 degree C neeche: reading se 0.2 ghataao
Milk FAT SNF Rate Chart 2026 (Bhains aur Gaay)
Neeche ke charts 2026 ke typical cooperative rates pe bane hain. Tumhare union ka exact per-unit rate thoda alag hoga — structure wohi rehta hai.
Bhains doodh fat rate chart 2026 (₹8.00 per FAT unit pe):
| FAT% | Rate/Litre |
|---|
| 5.0 | ₹40.00 |
| 5.5 | ₹44.00 |
| 6.0 | ₹48.00 |
| 6.5 | ₹52.00 |
| 7.0 | ₹56.00 |
| 7.5 | ₹60.00 |
| 8.0 | ₹64.00 |
| 8.5 | ₹68.00 |
Gaay doodh fat rate chart 2026 (₹9.50 per FAT unit pe):
| FAT% | Rate/Litre |
|---|
| 3.0 | ₹28.50 |
| 3.5 | ₹33.25 |
| 4.0 | ₹38.00 |
| 4.5 | ₹42.75 |
| 5.0 | ₹47.50 |
| 5.5 | ₹52.25 |
Two-axis FAT + SNF rate chart 2026 (₹7.00 per FAT unit + ₹3.50 per SNF unit — Amul-style structure):
| FAT% down / SNF% right | 8.0 | 8.5 | 9.0 | 9.5 |
|---|
| 3.5 | ₹52.50 | ₹54.25 | ₹56.00 | ₹57.75 |
| 4.0 | ₹56.00 | ₹57.75 | ₹59.50 | ₹61.25 |
| 4.5 | ₹59.50 | ₹61.25 | ₹63.00 | ₹64.75 |
| 5.0 | ₹63.00 | ₹64.75 | ₹66.50 | ₹68.25 |
| 6.0 | ₹70.00 | ₹71.75 | ₹73.50 | ₹75.25 |
| 7.0 | ₹77.00 | ₹78.75 | ₹80.50 | ₹82.25 |
| 8.0 | ₹84.00 | ₹85.75 | ₹87.50 | ₹89.25 |
Amul ya Saras fat rate list 2026 PDF dhundh rahe ho? Woh official rate circulars har union apni member societies ko deta hai aur saal mein kai baar change hota hai — koi single public PDF nahi hoti jo hamesha current rahe. Naya circular society secretary se maango, ya upar ki chart logic apne union ke current per-unit rates ke saath use karo. India ke 62 shahar mein consumer-side market rates ke liye humara live milk price heatmap dekho.
Har subah chart dekhna nahi chahte? DudhHisaab mein din ka FAT daalo aur app turant per-litre rate aur supplier ka chal raha monthly total dikhata hai. DudhHisaab free Google Play pe download karo →
Doodh mein SNF kaise badhayen
Two-axis pricing mein har 0.5% SNF badhne se rate ₹1.50–2.00 per litre badhta hai — yani SNF badhana real money hai. SNF jaanwar ki nutrition aur health se aata hai, koi shortcut nahi:
- Ration balance karo. SNF mostly protein aur lactose hai, jinke liye energy aur protein chahiye. Green aur dry fodder ke saath proper concentrate mix (16–18% crude protein) khilao — jo jaanwar kam khata hai woh patla, kam-SNF doodh deta hai.
- Roz mineral mixture do. 50–60 g accha mineral mixture per jaanwar per day — yeh sabse sasta SNF booster hai. Calcium, phosphorus aur trace minerals seedha milk solids ko support karte hain.
- Bypass protein ya oilseed cake khilao. Cottonseed, mustard ya groundnut cake FAT aur SNF dono badhata hai. Bypass-protein feeds high-yielding jaanwaron mein khaas kaam aati hain.
- Saaf, unlimited peene ka paani do. Dehydrated jaanwar kam doodh deta hai aur solids bhi kam. Par doodh mein kabhi paani mat milao — SNF turant girta hai aur lactometer pakad leta hai.
- Deworm karo aur mastitis ka jaldi ilaaj karo. Parasites aur sub-clinical mastitis chupke SNF 0.3–0.5% gira dete hain. Regular deworming (har 3–4 mahine) aur udder hygiene solids bachate hain.
- Season ka dhyan rakho. Peak summer mein heat stress SNF girata hai. Shade, fans aur subah jaldi khilana — isse girawat limit hoti hai.
Genetics zyada se zyada kya hoga woh decide karta hai — Jersey-cross ya Murrah buffalo hamesha poor crossbred se zyada solid degi — par feeding aur health decide karte hain ki jaanwar us peak ke kitna paas pahunchta hai. Ration theek karne ke 2–3 hafte baad SNF mein dikhat wali improvement aayegi.
State-Wise Doodh Rate: Badi Cooperatives Kitna Deti Hain
Procurement rates har milk union fix karti hai aur saal bhar badlate rehte hain — isliye neeche ke numbers ko 2026 ke indicative ranges mano, aaj ki exact rate sheet nahi. Daam batane se pehle hamesha society se confirm karo.
| Cooperative / Region | Pricing basis | Indicative procurement payout |
|---|
| Amul / GCMMF (Gujarat) | FAT + SNF (two-axis) | ₹38–48 per litre at ~6.5% FAT buffalo |
| Nandini / KMF (Karnataka) | FAT + SNF + state incentive | ₹33–42 per litre + govt top-up |
| Saras (Rajasthan) | FAT-based, cow aur buffalo slabs | ₹40–55 per litre buffalo |
| Aavin (Tamil Nadu) | FAT + SNF (two-axis) | ₹34–40 per litre cow |
| Sudha (Bihar) | FAT-based | ₹35–46 per litre buffalo |
| Mother Dairy / private dairies | FAT + SNF ya contract rate | Region aur agreement ke hisaab se |
Pattern har jagah ek jaisa hai: gaadha doodh (zyada FAT aur SNF) zyada kamaata hai. Zyaadatar badi unions upar se ek chhota seasonal ya quality incentive bhi deti hain. Kai state governments kisan ko seedha per-litre subsidy deti hain, jo dairy ke FAT-SNF payout se alag hoti hai.
FAT-Based Pricing Ki Aam Dikkatein
- Doodh mein milawat. Paani milane se FAT% girta hai — isliye collection centres har batch test karte hain. Kisan se khareedte ho to density check ke liye kam se kam ek lactometer (₹200) rakho — aur ghar pe doodh milawat test karne ke simple tarike seekho.
- Seasonal variation. FAT season ke saath badalta hai — bhains ka fat sardi mein peak (7–8%) aur garmi mein kam (5.5–6.5%). Buying cost upar neeche hogi, plan banao.
- Testing pe disputes. Alag alag machines thoda alag read karti hain. Calibrated equipment use karo aur regularly service karao.
- Mixed-milk ki complications. Alag FAT wale kai kisanon se khareedna matlab har supplier alag track aur weighted averages — kagaz pe slow aur galti wala kaam.
DudhHisaab Se FAT aur Rate Automatically Track Karo
DudhHisaab App ek free Android app hai jo India mein doodh ka business chalane ke liye bana hai. Kagaz khata aur calculator choddo — ek baar har supplier ki pricing set karo aur app roz ka hisaab khud karta hai.
- Fixed-rate mode — ₹X per litre set karo. Simple aur done.
- FAT-based mode — rate per FAT unit set karo. Har delivery pe FAT% daalo, app turant per-litre rate nikaal deta hai.
Har din ki FAT reading record hoti hai, automatically bata deta hai kitna banta hai, aur har supplier ke liye clean monthly report banata hai — average FAT, total litres aur exact amount due. Koi calculation mistake nahi, koi rate ka jhagda nahi, har entry saved aur transparent.
Poori dairy phone se chalao. Customers, suppliers, daily entries, FAT-based rates, monthly bills aur payment reminders — sab ek free app mein. DudhHisaab Google Play pe lo →
Key Points
- FAT aur SNF — yeh do quality parameters hain jo doodh ka rate decide karte hain.
- FAT-based pricing sabse simple: Rate = FAT% x Rate per unit.
- Two-axis pricing (FAT + SNF) buyer aur seller dono ke liye sabse fair.
- Basic testing gear mein thoda invest karo — ₹200 ka lactometer bhi quality problem pakad leta hai.
- FAT record karo aur payment digital tool se nikalo — busy subah koi gadbad nahi hogi.
Sources aur Aur Padho
- National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) — Anand-pattern cooperative model aur two-axis FAT + SNF procurement pricing. nddb.coop
- Richmond formula — lactometer reading se SNF nikalne ka standard tarika, Indian dairies mein chalta hai.
- Gerber method — collection centres pe milk fat ka reference lab test.
- Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) — IS 1183 lactometers aur hydrometers ke liye; IS 1479 milk test methods ke liye.
DudhHisaab editorial team ne likha aur maintain kiya. Formulas aur examples standard Indian dairy cooperative practice follow karte hain; actual rates union aur season ke hisaab se badlate hain. Last reviewed 6 June 2026.
Trade mein naye ho? Shuru karo India mein dairy business chalane ki complete guide se. Haath se calculate karna band karne ke liye tayyar? DudhHisaab free Google Play pe download karo — ya kisi bhi device pe web app kholo.
