Doodh mein FAT aur SNF kya hota hai?
Agar aap dairy cooperative, collection centre ya seedha kisan se doodh khareedte ya bechte ho, to do numbers decide karte hain ki aap kitna doge aur kitna kamaaoge: FAT aur SNF. Sahi lagao to har litre ka daam fair hota hai. Galat lagao — ya kisi aur ko hisaab karne do — to har delivery pe chupke chupke nuksaan hota hai.
Yahan exactly bataya hai ki ye dono kya hote hain aur rate kaise nikalta hai.
FAT (Fat Content) doodh mein fat ka percentage hai. Zyada fat matlab gaadha, malaaider doodh aur zyada rate. Bhains ke doodh mein usually 6–8% fat hota hai; gaay ke doodh mein around 3.5–5%.
SNF ka matlab hai Solids-Not-Fat — doodh mein fat chodkar baaki sab solid cheezein: proteins (casein aur whey), lactose (doodh ki cheeni), minerals aur vitamins. Simple baat yeh hai ki SNF doodh ka nutritional backbone hai. Gaay ke doodh mein normally 8.3–8.7% SNF hota hai aur bhains ke doodh mein 9–10%; zyaadatar states mein FSSAI ka legal minimum gaay ke doodh ke liye 8.5% SNF aur bhains ke doodh ke liye 9.0% hai. Zyada SNF matlab har litre mein zyada nutrition — aur collection centre pe zyada rate.
FAT aur SNF dono milao to milta hai Total Solids (TS): TS = FAT + SNF. Jitne zyada total solids, utna zyada doodh ki value.
Kai suppliers ka FAT haath se calculate kar rahe ho? DudhHisaab har supplier ka rate store karta hai aur us din ke FAT se automatically per-litre rate nikaal deta hai. Free Android app Google Play pe lo →
Doodh ka rate kaise nikalta hai?
India mein chaar tarike common hain. Jo aapki dairy ya cooperative actually use karti hai, wohi use karo.
Tarika 1 — FAT-Based Pricing (akele doodhwalon ke liye sabse common)
Sabse simple tarika, zyaadatar chhoti dairies aur kai cooperatives mein:
Rate per litre = FAT% × Rate per FAT unit
Example:
- Doodh FAT: 6.5%
- Rate per FAT unit (cooperative ne fix kiya): ₹8.50
- Rate per litre = 6.5 × 8.50 = ₹55.25
Rate per FAT unit market ke saath badalta hai aur usually dairy ya cooperative fix karti hai. 2026 mein typical rates:
- Bhains ka doodh: ₹7.50–9.00 per FAT unit
- Gaay ka doodh: ₹8.00–10.00 per FAT unit (fat kam hone ki wajah se per unit zyada)
Tarika 2 — Two-Axis Pricing (FAT + SNF)
Zyaadatar badi cooperatives — Amul, Karnataka Milk Federation wagera — yahi use karti hain:
Rate = (FAT% × FAT rate) + (SNF% × SNF rate)
Example:
- Doodh FAT: 4.0%, SNF: 8.5%
- FAT rate: ₹7.00 per unit, SNF rate: ₹3.50 per unit
- Rate = (4.0 × 7.00) + (8.5 × 3.50) = 28.00 + 29.75 = ₹57.75 per litre
Yeh sabse fair tarika hai, kyunki dono — fat aur nutritional quality — ka daam milta hai. Jis kisan ki gaay ka doodh fat mein kam hai par SNF mein zyada, usse bhi accha rate milta hai. Koi bhi FAT aur SNF hamare free milk rate calculator mein dalo aur per-litre rate turant dekho.
Tarika 3 — TS Rate Calculation (Total Solids Pricing)
Rate = Total Solids% × Rate per TS unit, jahan Total Solids = FAT + SNF.
Example:
- FAT: 6.0%, SNF: 9.0%, TS: 15.0%
- Rate per TS unit: ₹4.00
- Rate = 15.0 × 4.00 = ₹60.00 per litre
Tarika 4 — Fixed Rate (chhote doodhwalon mein sabse common)
Kai doodhwale bas ek flat rate per litre pe agree kar lete hain:
- Gaay ka doodh: ₹55–70/litre, city ke hisaab se
- Bhains ka doodh: ₹70–90/litre
Isme koi FAT/SNF testing nahi hoti — rate trust pe, local market rates pe aur aapsi agreement pe tika hota hai. Dono animals mein se pehle kaunsa choosein? Cow vs buffalo milk business profit mein compare karo.
FAT aur SNF kaise test karein
FAT test karne ke liye
- Gerber method — collection centres ka standard. Iske liye Gerber centrifuge (₹3,000–8,000), butyrometer aur sulphuric acid chahiye.
- Electronic milk analyser — Lactoscan ya Milkotester jaisi machines turant FAT, SNF aur baaki readings deti hain. Basic unit ₹15,000–50,000 ki aati hai.
SNF nikalna
FAT% aur lactometer reading se SNF nikal sakte ho:
SNF% = (Lactometer Reading ÷ 4) + (0.21 × FAT%) + 0.36
Yeh Richmond-formula variation hai jo Indian dairies mein use hota hai. Chahiye:
- Ek lactometer (₹200–500) doodh ka density measure karne ke liye
- Upar wale test se FAT%
Example:
- Lactometer reading: 30 (27°C pe, corrected)
- FAT%: 5.0
- SNF = (30 ÷ 4) + (0.21 × 5.0) + 0.36 = 7.5 + 1.05 + 0.36 = 8.91%
Temperature correction
Lactometer readings ko temperature ke hisaab se correct karna zaroori hai. Standard hai 27°C (kuch states 20°C use karte hain):
- Standard se har 1°C upar: reading mein 0.2 jodo
- Standard se har 1°C neeche: reading se 0.2 ghataao
Milk FAT SNF Rate Chart 2026 (Bhains aur Gaay)
Ye ready-reference charts 2026 ke typical cooperative rates use karte hain. Aapke union ka exact per-unit rate thoda alag hoga — structure wohi rehta hai.
Bhains ka doodh fat rate chart 2026 (₹8.00 per FAT unit pe):
| FAT% | Rate/Litre |
|---|
| 5.0 | ₹40.00 |
| 5.5 | ₹44.00 |
| 6.0 | ₹48.00 |
| 6.5 | ₹52.00 |
| 7.0 | ₹56.00 |
| 7.5 | ₹60.00 |
| 8.0 | ₹64.00 |
| 8.5 | ₹68.00 |
Gaay ka doodh fat rate chart 2026 (₹9.50 per FAT unit pe):
| FAT% | Rate/Litre |
|---|
| 3.0 | ₹28.50 |
| 3.5 | ₹33.25 |
| 4.0 | ₹38.00 |
| 4.5 | ₹42.75 |
| 5.0 | ₹47.50 |
| 5.5 | ₹52.25 |
Do-axis FAT + SNF rate chart 2026 (₹7.00 per FAT unit + ₹3.50 per SNF unit — Amul-style structure):
| FAT% ↓ / SNF% → | 8.0 | 8.5 | 9.0 | 9.5 |
|---|
| 3.5 | ₹52.50 | ₹54.25 | ₹56.00 | ₹57.75 |
| 4.0 | ₹56.00 | ₹57.75 | ₹59.50 | ₹61.25 |
| 4.5 | ₹59.50 | ₹61.25 | ₹63.00 | ₹64.75 |
| 5.0 | ₹63.00 | ₹64.75 | ₹66.50 | ₹68.25 |
| 6.0 | ₹70.00 | ₹71.75 | ₹73.50 | ₹75.25 |
| 7.0 | ₹77.00 | ₹78.75 | ₹80.50 | ₹82.25 |
| 8.0 | ₹84.00 | ₹85.75 | ₹87.50 | ₹89.25 |
Amul ya Saras fat rate list 2026 PDF dhundh rahe ho? Woh official rate circulars har union apni member societies ko jaari karti hai aur saal mein kai baar change hoti hain — koi ek public PDF nahi hoti jo hamesha current rahe. Naya circular apni society secretary se maango, ya upar ka chart logic apne union ke current per-unit rates ke saath use karo. India ke 62 shahar mein consumer-side market rates ke liye humara live milk price heatmap dekho.
Har subah chart nahi dekhna? DudhHisaab mein din ka FAT daalo aur yeh turant per-litre rate aur supplier ka chal raha monthly total dikhata hai. DudhHisaab free Google Play pe download karo →
Doodh mein SNF kaise badhayein
Do-axis pricing mein har 0.5% SNF badhne se rate ₹1.50–2.00 per litre badhta hai, isliye SNF badhana real money hai. SNF jaanwar ki nutrition aur health se aata hai, isliye levers management mein hain, koi jugaad mein nahi:
- Ration balance karo. SNF mostly protein aur lactose hai, jinhe energy aur protein chahiye. Green aur dry fodder ke saath proper concentrate mix (16–18% crude protein) khilao — kam khane waale jaanwar patla, kam-SNF doodh dete hain.
- Roz mineral mixture do. 50–60 g accha mineral mixture per jaanwar per day sabse sasta SNF booster hai — calcium, phosphorus aur trace minerals seedha doodh ke solids ko support karte hain.
- Bypass protein / oilseed cake khilao. Cottonseed, mustard ya groundnut cake dono FAT aur SNF badhata hai. Bypass-protein feeds high-yielding jaanwaron mein khaas accha kaam karti hain.
- Saaf, unlimited peene ka paani do. Dehydrated jaanwar kam doodh dete hain aur kam solids bhi. Par doodh mein kabhi paani mat milao — isse SNF turant girti hai aur lactometer pakad leta hai.
- Deworm karo aur mastitis ka jaldi ilaaj karo. Parasites aur sub-clinical mastitis chupke SNF 0.3–0.5% gira dete hain. Regular deworming (har 3–4 mahine) aur udder hygiene aapke solids bachaate hain.
- Season ka dhyan rakho. Peak summer mein heat stress se SNF girti hai. Shade, fans aur subah jaldi khilaana girawat ko limit karta hai.
Genetics ceiling set karti hai — Jersey-cross ya Murrah buffalo hamesha poor crossbred se zyada solid degi — par feeding aur health decide karte hain ki jaanwar us ceiling ke kitna paas pahunchta hai. Ration theek karne ke 2–3 hafte baad SNF mein visible improvement aayega.
State-Wise Doodh Rate: Badi Cooperatives Kitna Deti Hain
Procurement rates har milk union fix karti hai aur saal bhar badlate rehte hain, isliye neeche ke numbers ko aaj ki exact rate sheet nahi, 2026 ke indicative ranges maano — price batane se pehle hamesha apni society se confirm karo.
| Cooperative / Region | Pricing basis | Indicative procurement payout |
|---|
| Amul / GCMMF (Gujarat) | FAT + SNF (two-axis) | ₹38–48 per litre at ~6.5% FAT buffalo |
| Nandini / KMF (Karnataka) | FAT + SNF + state incentive | ₹33–42 per litre + govt top-up |
| Saras (Rajasthan) | FAT-based, cow & buffalo slabs | ₹40–55 per litre buffalo |
| Aavin (Tamil Nadu) | FAT + SNF (two-axis) | ₹34–40 per litre cow |
| Sudha (Bihar) | FAT-based | ₹35–46 per litre buffalo |
| Mother Dairy / private dairies | FAT + SNF or contract rate | Region aur agreement ke hisaab se |
Pattern har jagah ek jaisa hai: gaadha doodh (zyada FAT aur SNF) zyada kmaata hai, aur zyaadatar badi unions upar se ek chhota seasonal ya quality incentive bhi deti hain. Kai state governments kisan ko seedha per-litre subsidy bhi deti hain, jo dairy ke FAT-SNF payout se alag hoti hai.
FAT-Based Pricing Ki Aam Dikkatein
- Doodh mein milawat. Paani milane se FAT% girta hai, isliye collection centres har batch test karte hain. Agar aap kisan se khareedte ho, to density check karne ke liye kam se kam ek lactometer (₹200) rakho — aur ghar pe doodh milawat tests ke simple tarike seekho.
- Seasonal variation. FAT season ke saath badalta hai — bhains ka fat sardi mein peak (7–8%) aur garmi mein kam (5.5–6.5%) hota hai. Buying costs upar neeche hogi, isliye plan banao.
- Testing pe disputes. Alag alag machines thoda alag read karti hain. Calibrated equipment use karo aur regularly service karao.
- Mixed-milk ki complications. Alag alag FAT wale kai kisanon se khareedna matlab har supplier alag track karna aur weighted averages nikalna — kaagaz pe slow aur galti bhari.
DudhHisaab Se FAT aur Rate Automatically Track Karo
DudhHisaab ek free Android app hai jo India mein doodh ka business chalane ke liye bana hai. Kaagaz khata aur calculator ki jagah, ek baar har supplier ki pricing set karo aur app roz ka hisaab karta hai.
- Fixed-rate mode — ₹X per litre set karo. Simple aur done.
- FAT-based mode — rate per FAT unit set karo. Har delivery pe FAT% daalo, aur app turant per-litre rate calculate kar deta hai.
Yeh har din ki FAT reading record karta hai, automatically bata deta hai kitna banta hai, aur har supplier ke liye clean monthly report banata hai — average FAT, total litres aur exact amount due. Koi calculation mistake nahi, koi rate ka jhagda nahi, har entry saved aur transparent.
Puri dairy phone se chalao. Customers, suppliers, daily entries, FAT-based rates, monthly bills aur payment reminders — sab ek free app mein. DudhHisaab Google Play pe lo →
Key Points
- FAT aur SNF do quality parameters hain jo doodh ka rate decide karte hain.
- FAT-based pricing sabse simple hai: Rate = FAT% × Rate per unit.
- Two-axis pricing (FAT + SNF) buyer aur seller dono ke liye sabse fair hai.
- Basic testing gear mein invest karo — ek ₹200 ka lactometer bhi quality problem pakad leta hai.
- FAT record karo aur payment calculation digital tool se karo, taaki busy subah kabhi nuksaan na ho.
Sources aur Aur Padho
- National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) — Anand-pattern cooperative model aur two-axis FAT + SNF procurement pricing. nddb.coop
- Richmond's formula — lactometer reading se SNF nikalne ka standard tarika, Indian dairies mein use hota hai.
- Gerber method — collection centres pe milk fat ka reference lab test.
- Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) — IS 1183 lactometers aur hydrometers ke liye; IS 1479 milk test methods ke liye.
DudhHisaab editorial team dwara likha aur maintain kiya gaya. Formulas aur examples standard Indian dairy cooperative practice follow karte hain; actual rates union aur season ke hisaab se badlate hain. Last reviewed 6 June 2026.
Trade mein naye ho? Shuru karo India mein dairy business chalane ki complete guide se. Haath se calculate karna band karne ke liye tayyar? DudhHisaab free Google Play pe download karo — ya kisi bhi device pe web app kholo.
