GST aur TaxUpdated 5 April 20269 min read

Doodh aur Dairy Products pe GST: Doodhwalon ke liye Easy Guide

GST on Milk and Dairy Products: Complete Guide for Milkmen

SJSawan JaiswalFounder of DudhHisaab
Doodh aur Dairy Products pe GST: Doodhwalon ke liye Easy Guide

Kya doodh pe GST lagta hai?

Yahi sawaal sabse pehle aata hai mind mein, hai na? Toh seedha bolta hoon — fresh doodh, gaay ka ho ya bhains ka, India mein GST se bilkul free hai. HSN Code 0401, 0% GST. Khulla becho ya plain packing mein — koi fark nahi.

Problem tab aati hai jab aap doodh process karke bechna shuru karte ho. Toh chalte hain ek-ek cheez dekhte hain.

Alag-Alag Dairy Products pe GST (2026)

ProductHSN CodeGST RateDhyan rakho
Fresh doodh (gaay/bhains)04010% (Exempt)Khulla ya unbranded
Pasteurised doodh04010% (Exempt)Toned, double-toned bhi
Dahi (unbranded)04030% (Exempt)Khulla ya plain pack
Dahi (branded)04035%Band packet, label ke saath
Chaach/Buttermilk (unbranded)04030% (Exempt)Khulla becho
Lassi (branded)04035%Band packet, label ke saath
Paneer (unbranded)04060% (Exempt)Khulla becho
Paneer (branded)04065%Band packet, label ke saath
Ghee (unbranded)04050% (Exempt)Khulla becho
Ghee (branded)040512%Band packet, label ke saath
Butter040512%Har type ka
Cheese040612%Har type ka
Condensed milk040218%Sweetened
Flavoured milk220212%Packaged flavoured drinks
Milk powder04025%Skimmed aur whole dono
Ice cream210518%Sab varieties
Cream04015%Fresh cream

Ek important baat — Branded vs Unbranded

2022 mein (2024 mein update hua) GST Council ne clear kar diya: agar tum band packet mein apne naam se dahi, paneer ya ghee bech rahe ho — chahe brand registered na ho — toh GST lagega.

Lekin khulla bech rahe ho can ya bartan se? Tab bhi exempt hai.

Doodhwalon ko GST Registration kab chahiye?

Registration ki zaroorat NAHI agar:

  • Sirf fresh doodh bechte ho, ghar-ghar delivery
  • Yearly kamai ₹40 lakh se kam (pahaadi states — Uttarakhand, HP, J&K, NE — mein ₹20 lakh limit hai)
  • Sab kuch GST-free maal hi bechte ho

Registration ZAROORI hai agar:

  • Branded ya packaged dairy products bechte ho aur turnover limit cross ho gayi
  • Doosre state mein maal bhejna — isme turnover kitna bhi ho, registration mandatory hai
  • Online kisi platform pe bechte ho

Sach yeh hai: Jo doodhwale sirf fresh doodh ghar tak pohanchate hain, unme se zyaadatar ko GST ki zaroorat nahi hoti. Lekin jaise hi branded paneer, ghee ya flavoured lassi bechni shuru ki — turnover track karo.

Payment receipt screen

FSSAI Licence — Yeh Sabke Liye Zaroori Hai

GST na bhi lage, FSSAI registration toh karwani hi padegi — doodh bechne wale har ek ke liye compulsory hai:

CategoryAnnual TurnoverFeeValidity
Basic Registration₹12 lakh se kam₹100/year1-5 saal
State Licence₹12 lakh - ₹20 crore₹2,000-5,000/year1-5 saal
Central Licence₹20 crore se zyada₹7,500/year1-5 saal

Zyaadatar doodhwale Basic Registration mein aate hain — sirf ₹100 saal ka. fssai.gov.in pe online apply karo. Chahiye hoga:

  • Aadhaar card
  • Passport size photo
  • Dukaan ya dairy ka address proof

Income Tax — GST Nahi Toh Kya, Yeh Toh Lagta Hai

  • Kheti ki kamai — apne khud ke cattle se doodh nikaal ke bechna — generally income tax se free hoti hai
  • Business income — doodh kharid ke aage bechna — pe tax lagta hai agar total income ₹3 lakh (2026-27 ka naya slab) se zyada ho
  • Zyaadatar chhote doodhwale Section 44AD ki presumptive taxation scheme mein aate hain — turnover ka 8% profit maan lo (digital payment pe 6%), aur usi pe tax bharo. Lambi-chaudi bookkeeping ki zaroorat nahi.

Ek example dekho:

Annual milk sales: ₹15 lakh

Presumptive profit (digital payment, 6%): ₹90,000

Tax dena hoga: NIL — kyunki ₹3 lakh ki basic exemption se kam hai

Isliye digital payment lena aur use Dudh Hisaab mein note karna tumhare kaam aata hai — 6% vs 8% ka fark real paisa bachata hai. Aur agar kabhi tax wale poochein, toh clear record ready hai.

Hisaab ka Record Kyun Rakhna Chahiye

GST bharo ya na bharo, hisaab-kitaab sambhal ke rakhna hamesha faydeman rehta hai:

  • Roz ki delivery — kisko kitna doodh gaya
  • Purchase ka hisaab — kitna doodh kharida aur kisse
  • Payment record — kisne kab aur kitna diya, kis tarike se
  • Kharche — petrol, gaadi repair, bartan, helpers ki mazdoori

Kaagaz pe bhi ho sakta hai, lekin ek galti aur poore mahine ka hisaab garbad. Customer dispute ho toh hazaron ka nuksaan.

Dudh Hisaab mein yeh sab khud-ba-khud hota hai — har entry mein time aur date, calculation automatic, payment tracking built-in. CA ko dena ho ya tax file karni ho — report ready hai.

Doodhwale Aksar Kaunsi Galtiyan Karte Hain

  • FSSAI nahi karwana — ₹100 mein hoti hai, zaroori hai. Chodd diya toh penalty bhaari padegi.
  • Ghar aur dhandhe ke paise ek saath rakhna — dairy ke liye alag account khulwao.
  • Branded product bechna shuru karne ke baad turnover nahi dekhna — packaged ghee ya paneer bechte ho? Toh track karo.
  • Record na rakhna — exempt business mein bhi record rakhna hota hai. Dudh Hisaab jaisi app ka digital record legally valid hai.
  • ITR na bharna — agar tax zero bhi hai, ITR bharne se future mein loan lene mein aasaani hoti hai.

Conclusion

Jo doodhwale ghar-ghar fresh doodh pohanchate hain — unke liye GST ki koi tension nahi, doodh waise bhi exempt hai. Lekin jaise-jaise grow karte ho aur processed cheezein add karte ho, tab yeh rates samajhna zaroori ho jaata hai. FSSAI karwa lo (₹100/year), hisaab digital rakho, aur saal mein ITR bhar do.

Apna dairy hisaab digitally sambhalna shuru karo — hamesha ke liye free.
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Aksar Pooche Jaane Wale Sawaal

Is there GST on milk in India?

No. Fresh milk, both cow and buffalo, is completely exempt from GST in India. It falls under HSN Code 0401 and attracts 0% GST whether you sell it loose or in non-branded packaging. Pasteurised milk, including toned and double-toned, is also exempt. GST only enters the picture when you move into processed or branded dairy products like branded paneer, ghee, or flavoured milk.

What is the GST rate on paneer, ghee, and curd?

It depends on whether they are branded. Unbranded paneer, ghee, and curd sold loose are exempt (0%). Once pre-packaged and labelled, branded curd and paneer attract 5% GST, while branded ghee attracts 12%. The GST council made this branded-vs-unbranded distinction in 2022, updated in 2024 — sealed packets with your name on them likely owe GST, but selling khulla from a can stays exempt.

Do milkmen need GST registration?

Most don't. You don't need GST registration if you only sell fresh milk door-to-door, your annual turnover is below ₹40 lakhs (₹20 lakhs in special category states like Uttarakhand, HP, J&K and NE states), and you only deal in exempt goods. You DO need it if you sell branded packaged dairy above the threshold, supply across state boundaries (inter-state needs mandatory registration), or sell through e-commerce platforms.

Is FSSAI registration mandatory for a dairy business?

Yes. FSSAI registration is mandatory for anyone handling food products, including milk, even when GST does not apply. Most milkmen fall under Basic Registration, costing ₹100/year for turnover below ₹12 lakhs. State Licence covers ₹12 lakhs to ₹20 crores at ₹2,000-5,000/year, and Central Licence applies above ₹20 crores at ₹7,500/year. Apply online at fssai.gov.in with Aadhaar, a passport photo, and business address proof.

How much income tax does a small doodhwala pay?

Often nil. Agricultural income from your own cattle is generally exempt, and business income is taxable only above ₹3 lakhs under the 2026-27 regime. Most small doodhwalas use the presumptive scheme (Section 44AD), declaring 8% of turnover as profit, or 6% for digital receipts. For example, ₹15 lakhs sales at 6% gives ₹90,000 profit — below the ₹3 lakh exemption, so tax liability is nil.

Manage your dairy business with DudhHisaab

Track customers and suppliers, record daily entries, auto-calculate FAT-based rates and monthly bills, and send payment reminders — all free in the app.